In visual arts, what does "contrast" mean?

In visual arts, "contrast" refers to the use of opposing elements to create interest and variety in an artwork. This principle can involve different colors, shapes, sizes, textures, and other artistic elements that stand in stark difference to one another. By employing contrast, artists can highlight certain features of their work, draw attention to specific focal points, and contribute to the overall significance of the composition. For example, a dark figure against a light background can create a strong visual impact and direct the viewer's gaze.

The other choices do not accurately represent the concept of contrast in visual arts. The repetition of similar elements relates more to patterns and unity, while the exclusive use of color does not inherently imply contrast. Additionally, removing differences between elements would eliminate contrast entirely, rather than fostering an engaging visual experience.