What type of flute is widely used throughout Africa and can be vertical or side-blown?

The Fulani flute is a traditional African instrument that is commonly used in various musical contexts across the continent. It can be constructed to be either vertical or side-blown, showcasing the versatility of its design. This characteristic allows it to produce a unique sound, which is often associated with the music of the Fulani people and their cultural expressions. The flute is typically made from materials like reeds or wood, further contributing to the rich tapestry of African music.

In contrast, the other options represent different types of wind instruments that do not share these specific characteristics. The ocarina, for example, is a vessel flute and has a different construction and playing method. The pan flute consists of multiple tubes of varying lengths and is played by blowing across the tops, while the bamboo flute is primarily a type of transverse flute and is not specifically associated with the cultural practices of the Fulani people. Thus, understanding these distinctions illustrates why the Fulani flute is the accurate answer to the question posed.